Can A Cat Be A Service Animal Ada

(Printer-friendly PDF version | 555 KB)
(Large Impress PDF version| 565 KB)

Service Animals and Emotional Support Animals

Where are they immune and nether what weather?

 Jacquie Brennan
Vinh Nguyen (Ed.)
Southwest ADA Center
A program of ILRU at TIRR Memorial Hermann

Foreword

This manual is dedicated to the memory of Pax, a devoted guide dog, and to all the handler and dog teams working together across the nation. Guide dogs make information technology possible for their handlers to travel safely with independence, freedom and dignity.

Pax guided his handler faithfully for over x years. Together they negotiated countless busy intersections and safely traveled the streets of many cities, large and small-scale. His skillful guiding kept his handler from injury on more one occasion. He accompanied his handler to business meetings, restaurants, theaters, and social functions where he conducted himself as would any highly-trained guide dog. Pax was a seasoned traveler and was the first dog to fly in the motel of a domestic aircraft to U.k., a country that had previously barred service animals without extended quarantine.

Pax was born in the kennels of The Seeing Eye in the beautiful Washington Valley of New Jersey in March 2000. He lived with a puppy-raiser family unit for near a yr where he learned basic obedience and was exposed to the sights and sounds of community life—the aforementioned experiences he would soon face equally a guide domestic dog. He then went through four months of intensive training where he learned how to guide and ensure the prophylactic of the person with whom he would be matched. In November 2001 he was matched with his handler and they worked equally a team until Pax's retirement in January 2012, after a long and successful career. Pax retired with his handler'southward family, where he lived with two other dogs. His life was full of play, long naps, and recreational walks until his decease in January 2014.

It is the sincere hope of Pax's handler that this guide will be useful in improving the understanding about service animals, their purpose and role, their extensive training, and the rights of their handlers to travel freely and to experience the same access to employment, public accommodations, transportation, and services that others have for granted.

I.  Introduction

Individuals with disabilities may utilize service animals and emotional support animals for a variety of reasons. This guide provides an overview of how major Federal civil rights laws govern the rights of a person requiring a service fauna. These laws, likewise as instructions on how to file a complaint, are listed in the last section of this publication. Many states as well have laws that provide a different definition of service animal. You should check your state's law and follow the constabulary that offers the near protection for service animals.  The document discusses service animals in a number of different settings as the rules and allowances related to access with service animals will vary according to the law applied and the setting.

II. Service Animal Defined by Title 2 and Title 3 of the ADA

A service animal means any domestic dog that is individually trained to practice work or perform tasks for the do good of an individual with a disability, including a physical, sensory, psychiatric, intellectual, or other mental disability. Tasks performed can include, among other things, pulling a wheelchair, retrieving dropped items, alerting a person to a audio, reminding a person to accept medication, or pressing an lift push button.

Emotional support animals, comfort animals, and therapy dogs are not service animals under Title II and Title III of the ADA. Other species of animals, whether wild or domestic, trained or untrained, are not considered service animals either. The work or tasks performed by a service animal must exist directly related to the individual's inability. It does not affair if a person has a notation from a doctor that states that the person has a disability and needs to have the animal for emotional support. A doctor's letter of the alphabet does not turn an animal into a service animal.

Examples of animals that fit the ADA's definition of "service creature" because they take been specifically trained to perform a task for the person with a inability:

· Guide Dog or Seeing Eye® Dog^ane is a carefully trained dog that serves every bit a travel tool for persons who have severe visual impairments or are blind.

· Hearing or Signal Dog is a canis familiaris that has been trained to alert a person who has a significant hearing loss or is deaf when a sound occurs, such as a knock on the door.

· Psychiatric Service Dog is a dog that has been trained to perform tasks that assist individuals with disabilities to detect the onset of psychiatric episodes and lessen their effects. Tasks performed by psychiatric service animals may include reminding the handler to take medicine, providing safety checks or room searches, or turning on lights for persons with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, interrupting self-mutilation by persons with dissociative identity disorders, and keeping disoriented individuals from danger.

· SSigDOG (sensory signal dogs or social signal dog) is a dog trained to assistance a person with autism. The dog alerts the handler to distracting repetitive movements mutual among those with autism, allowing the person to stop the movement (e.g., paw flapping).

· Seizure Response Domestic dog is a dog trained to assist a person with a seizure disorder. How the domestic dog serves the person depends on the person's needs. The dog may stand up guard over the person during a seizure or the dog may become for assist. A few dogs have learned to predict a seizure and warn the person in advance to sit down downwardly or move to a safe place.

Under Title II and 3 of the ADA, service animals are limited to dogs. Still, entities must make reasonable modifications in policies to permit individuals with disabilities to apply miniature horses if they have been individually trained to practise work or perform tasks for individuals with disabilities.

III. Other Back up or Therapy Animals

While Emotional Support Animals or Comfort Animals are frequently used as part of a medical handling programme equally therapy animals, they are non considered service animals under the ADA. These support animals provide companionship, salve loneliness, and sometimes help with low, anxiety, and certain phobias, but exercise not have special training to perform tasks that assistance people with disabilities. Even though some states have laws defining therapy animals, these animals are non limited to working with people with disabilities and therefore are not covered past federal laws protecting the apply of service animals.  Therapy animals provide people with therapeutic contact, unremarkably in a clinical setting, to better their physical, social, emotional, and/or cognitive performance.

IV. Handler's Responsibilities

The handler is responsible for the care and supervision of his or her service creature. If a service animal behaves in an unacceptable style and the person with a disability does not command the animal, a business or other entity does not take to allow the animal onto its premises. Uncontrolled barking, jumping on other people, or running away from the handler are examples of unacceptable behavior for a service animal. A concern has the correct to deny access to a dog that disrupts their business. For instance, a service canis familiaris that barks repeatedly and disrupts some other patron's enjoyment of a movie could be asked to leave the theater. Businesses, public programs, and transportation providers may exclude a service animal when the fauna's behavior poses a straight threat to the health or safety of others. If a service animal is growling at other shoppers at a grocery store, the handler may exist asked to remove the fauna.

· The ADA requires the animal to exist under the control of the handler.  This can occur using a harness, ternion, or other tether.  However, in cases where either the handler is unable to hold a tether considering of a disability or its utilize would interfere with the service animal's safe, effective performance of work or tasks, the service fauna must be under the handler's command past another means, such equally voice control.^two

· The fauna must be housebroken.³

· The ADA does non require covered entities to provide for the care or supervision of a service animal, including cleaning up after the brute.

· The animal should be vaccinated in accord with state and local laws.

· An entity may likewise assess the type, size, and weight of a miniature horse in determining whether or not the horse will be allowed access to the facility.

V. Handler's Rights

a) Public Facilities and Accommodations

Titles II and III of the ADA makes it clear that service animals are allowed in public facilities and accommodations. A service animal must be allowed to back-trail the handler to any place in the edifice or facility where members of the public, program participants, customers, or clients are allowed. Fifty-fifty if the business concern or public program has a "no pets" policy, it may not deny entry to a person with a service fauna. Service animals are not pets. And so, although a "no pets" policy is perfectly legal, it does not allow a business to exclude service animals.

When a person with a service animal enters a public facility or identify of public adaptation, the person cannot be asked almost the nature or extent of his disability. Only two questions may exist asked:

1. Is the animal required because of a disability?

2. What work or task has the animate being been trained to perform?

These questions should not be asked, nevertheless, if the animal's service tasks are obvious. For case, the questions may not be asked if the dog is observed guiding an individual who is blind or has low vision, pulling a person's wheelchair, or providing assistance with stability or balance to an individual with an observable mobility disability.⁴

A public accommodation or facility is non immune to inquire for documentation or proof that the brute has been certified, trained, or licensed as a service animal. Local laws that prohibit specific breeds of dogs do not apply to service animals.⁵

A identify of public adaptation or public entity may non ask an individual with a disability to pay a surcharge, fifty-fifty if people accompanied by pets are required to pay fees. Entities cannot require anything of people with service animals that they do not require of individuals in general, with or without pets. If a public accommodation normally charges individuals for the harm they cause, an individual with a disability may exist charged for damage caused by his or her service animal.⁶

b) Employment

Laws prohibit employment discrimination because of a disability. Employers are required to provide reasonable accommodation. Allowing an individual with a inability to have a service animal or an emotional back up creature accompany them to work may be considered an accommodation. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), which enforces the employment provisions of the ADA (Title I), does not have a specific regulation on service animals.⁷ In the case of a service animal or an emotional support animal, if the disability is not obvious and/or the reason the animal is needed is non clear, an employer may request documentation to found the existence of a disability and how the creature helps the individual perform his or her job.

Documentation might include a detailed description of how the fauna would help the employee in performing job tasks and how the brute is trained to deport in the workplace.  A person seeking such an accommodation may suggest that the employer permit the animal to accompany them to piece of work on a trial ground.

Both service and emotional support animals may be excluded from the workplace if they pose either an undue hardship or a direct threat in the workplace.

c) Housing

The Fair Housing Human action (FHA) protects a person with a inability from discrimination in obtaining housing. Under this law, a landlord or homeowner'due south association must provide reasonable accommodation to people with disabilities so that they have an equal opportunity to enjoy and employ a dwelling.⁸ Emotional support animals that do not authorize equally service animals under the ADA may nonetheless authorize as reasonable accommodations under the FHA.⁹ In cases when a person with a disability uses a service animal or an emotional support animate being, a reasonable accommodation may include waiving a no-pet rule or a pet eolith.¹⁰ This animal is non considered a pet.

A landlord or homeowner's clan may non ask a housing applicant well-nigh the being, nature, and extent of his or her disability. However, an individual with a disability who requests a reasonable adaptation may be asked to provide documentation so that the landlord or homeowner's association can properly review the accommodation request.^eleven They tin can ask a person to certify, in writing, (1) that the tenant or a member of his or her family is a person with a disability; (ii) the need for the brute to assist the person with that specific inability; and (3) that the animal actually assists the person with a disability.  It is important to continue in mind that the ADA may apply in the housing context equally well, for example with student housing. Where the ADA applies, requiring documentation or certification would not be permitted with regard to an animate being that qualifies as a "service animal."

d) Education

Service animals in public schools (Yard-12) ¹³ – The ADA permits a educatee with a disability who uses a service animal to have the animal at school.  In add-on, the Individuals with Disabilities Educational activity Act (Thought) and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act allow a student to use an brute that does not run across the ADA definition of a service brute if that student'south Individual Educational activity Program (IEP) or Section 504 team decides the animal is necessary for the student to receive a free and appropriate education.  Where the ADA applies, however, schools should be mindful that the utilize of a service animal is a right that is non dependent upon the conclusion of an IEP or Section 504 team.¹⁴

Emotional support animals, therapy animals, and companion animals are seldom allowed to back-trail students in public schools. Indeed, the ADA does not contemplate the use of animals other than those meeting the definition of "service animal."  Ultimately, the conclusion whether a student may employ an animate being other than a service animate being should be made on a example-by-example basis by the IEP or Department 504 team.

Service animals in postsecondary education settings – Nether the ADA, colleges and universities must allow people with disabilities to bring their service animals into all areas of the facility that are open to the public or to students.

Colleges and universities may accept a policy request students who use service animals to contact the school's Inability Services Coordinator to annals as a pupil with a disability. Higher teaching institutions may not require any documentation about the training or certification of a service animal. They may, however, require proof that a service fauna has any vaccinations required by state or local laws that apply to all animals.

due east) Transportation

A person traveling with a service brute cannot be denied access to transportation, even if there is a "no pets" policy. In addition, the person with a service creature cannot be forced to sit in a particular spot; no additional fees can be charged because the person uses a service creature; and the customer does not have to provide accelerate notice that s/he will be traveling with a service beast.

The laws utilise to both public and private transportation providers and include subways, stock-still-route buses, Paratransit, track, light-track, taxicabs, shuttles and limousine services.

f) Air Travel

At the cease of 2020, the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) announced that it revised its Air Carrier Access Human activity regulation on the transportation of service animals by air. We are working to update the data provided beneath to marshal with the changes. While we take the fourth dimension to update our information, check out a summary of the changes available on DOT'southward website. You tin also notice some additional information in DOT's Aviation Consumer Protection's article about service animals.

The Air Carrier Access Human activity (ACAA) requires airlines to let service animals and emotional support animals to back-trail their handlers in the cabin of the aircraft.

Service animals – For evidence that an animal is a service animal, air carriers may inquire to see identification cards, written documentation, presence of harnesses or tags, or ask for verbal assurances from the individual with a disability using the animal. If airline personnel are uncertain that an fauna is a service animal, they may ask one of the post-obit:

1. What tasks or functions does your animate being perform for you?

2. What has your animal been trained to exercise for you?

3. Would you depict how the brute performs this task for you? ¹⁵

Emotional support and psychiatric service animals – Individuals who travel with emotional support animals or psychiatric service animals may need to provide specific documentation to constitute that they have a disability and the reason the animal must travel with them. Individuals who wish to travel with their emotional support or psychiatric animals should contact the airline ahead of fourth dimension to find out what kind of documentation is required.

Examples of documentation that may be requested past the airline: Current documentation (not more one year sometime) on letterhead from a licensed mental health professional stating (1) the passenger has a mental wellness-related disability listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM IV); (2) having the animal back-trail the passenger is necessary to the passenger'south mental health or handling; (3) the individual providing the assessment of the rider is a licensed mental health professional and the rider is under his or her professional care; and (four) the date and type of the mental wellness professional's license and the land or other jurisdiction in which it was issued.¹⁶ This documentation may be required as a condition of permitting the animal to accompany the passenger in the cabin.

Other animals – According to the ACAA, airlines are not required otherwise to carry animals of any kind either in the cabin or in the cargo concur. Airlines are free to adopt any policy they choose regarding the railroad vehicle of pets and other animals (for example, search and rescue dogs) provided that they comply with other applicable requirements (for case, the Animal Welfare Act).

Animals such as miniature horses, pigs, and monkeys may be considered service animals. A carrier must determine on a case-by-case ground co-ordinate to factors such as the animal's size and weight; land and strange state restrictions; whether or not the animate being would pose a direct threat to the health or safety of others; or cause a fundamental amending in the motel service.¹⁷ Individuals should contact the airlines ahead of travel to find out what is permitted.

Airlines are not required to transport unusual animals such equally snakes, other reptiles, ferrets, rodents, and spiders. Foreign carriers are not required to ship animals other than dogs.^xviii

Half dozen. Reaction/Response of Others

Allergies and fear of dogs are not valid reasons for denying access or refusing service to people using service animals.  If employees, fellow travelers, or customers are agape of service animals, a solution may exist to allow enough infinite for that person to avoid getting close to the service animal.

Most allergies to animals are acquired past directly contact with the animal. A separated space might exist adequate to avoid allergic reactions.

If a person is at risk of a significant allergic reaction to an brute, it is the responsibility of the business or regime entity to find a way to accommodate both the individual using the service animal and the private with the allergy.

Vii. Service Animals in Grooming

a) Air Travel

The Air Carrier Access Human activity (ACAA) does not allow "service animals in training" in the cabin of the aircraft because "in training" condition indicates that they do not yet meet the legal definition of service animal. However, like pet policies, airline policies regarding service animals in preparation vary. Some airlines allow qualified trainers to bring service animals in training aboard an aircraft for grooming purposes. Trainers of service animals should consult with airlines and become familiar with their policies.

 b) Employment

In the employment setting, employers may exist obligated to let employees to bring their "service animal in training" into the workplace as a reasonable accommodation, especially if the brute is being trained to assist the employee with work-related tasks. The untrained creature may be excluded, however, if information technology becomes a workplace disruption or causes an undue hardship in the workplace.

c) Public Facilities and Accommodations

Championship II and III of the ADA does non cover "service animals in preparation" but several states have laws when they should be allowed access.

VIII. Laws & Enforcement

a) Public Facilities and Accommodations

Title Ii of the ADA covers land and local government facilities, activities, and programs. Title III of the ADA covers places of public accommodations. Department 504 of the Rehabilitation Deed covers federal authorities facilities, activities, and programs. It besides covers the entities that receive federal funding.

Title II and Championship III Complaints – These tin be filed through individual lawsuits in federal court or directed to the U.Southward. Section of Justice.

U.S. Department of Justice
950 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.Due west.
Civil Rights Division
Inability Rights Department – NYA
Washington, DC 20530
http://www.ada.gov
800-514-0301 (v)
800-514-0383 (TTY)

Department 504 Complaints – These must be fabricated to the specific federal bureau that oversees the program or funding.

b) Employment

Championship I of the ADA and Section 501 and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act prohibits discrimination in employment. The ADA covers individual employers with 15 or more employees; Section 501 applies to federal agencies, and Department 504 applies to any program or entity receiving federal fiscal help.

ADA Complaints - A person must file a charge with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) within 180 days of an declared violation of the ADA. This borderline may exist extended to 300 days if there is a state or local fair employment practices bureau that too has jurisdiction over this matter. Complaints may be filed in person, by mail service, or by phone by contacting the nearest EEOC office. This number is listed in most telephone directories under "U.South. Government." For more than information:

http://world wide web.eeoc.gov/contact/index.cfm
800-669-4000 (voice)
800-669-6820 (TTY)

Section 501 Complaints - Federal employees must contact their agency'southward Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) officer within 45 days of an alleged Department 501 violation.

Section 504 Complaints – These must be filed with the federal agency that funded the employer.

c) Housing

The Fair Housing Act (FHA), equally amended in 1988, applies to housing. Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 prohibits bigotry on the basis of disability in all housing programs and activities that are either conducted by the federal regime or receive federal fiscal aid. Championship II of the ADA applies to housing provided by country or local government entities.

Complaints – Housing complaints may be filed with the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity.

http://www.hud.gov/fairhousing

800-669-9777 (vocalism)

800-927-9275 (TTY)

d) Education

Students with disabilities in public schools (K-12) are covered past Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (Thought), Title Ii of the ADA, and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act. Students with disabilities in public postsecondary education are covered by Championship 2 and Department 504.  Title Iii of the ADA applies to private schools (K-12 and post-secondary) that are not operated by religious entities. Private schools that receive federal funding are likewise covered by Section 504.

IDEA Complaints - Parents can asking a due process hearing and a review from the state educational agency if applicative in that state. They also can appeal the state agency's decision to state or federal court. You may contact the Office of Special Pedagogy and Rehabilitative Services (OSERS) for further information or to provide your own thoughts and ideas on how they may better serve individuals with disabilities, their families and their communities.

For more information contact:

Role of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services

U.S. Department of Education

400 Maryland Avenue, S.West.

Washington, DC 20202-7100

202-245-7468 (voice)

Title II of the ADA and Section 504 Complaints - The Office for Civil Rights (OCR) in the Department of Education enforces Championship 2 of the ADA and Section 504 every bit they utilise to education. Those who have had access denied due to a service animal may file a complaint with OCR or file a individual lawsuit in federal court. An OCR complaint must be filed within 180 calendar days of the engagement of the alleged discrimination, unless the fourth dimension for filing is extended for practiced crusade. Earlier filing an OCR complaint confronting an institution, an individual may want to find out about the institution's grievance procedure and use that procedure to accept the complaint resolved. However, an individual is not required by law to use the institutional grievance procedure earlier filing a complaint with OCR. If someone uses an institutional grievance procedure and then chooses to file the complaint with OCR, the complaint must be filed with OCR within 60 days later the concluding human action of the institutional grievance process.

For more data contact:

U.S. Department of Education

Office for Ceremonious Rights

400 Maryland Avenue, S.W.

Washington, DC 20202-1100

Customer Service: 800-421-3481 (voice)

800-877-8339 (TTY)

E-post: OCR@ed.gov

http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/docs/howto.html

Championship III Complaints – These may exist filed with the Department of Justice.

U.South. Department of Justice

950 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.

Civil Rights Division

Disability Rights Department – NYA

Washington, DC 20530

http://www.ada.gov/

800-514-0301 (v)

800-514-0383 (TTY)

e) Transportation

Championship II of the ADA applies to public transportation while Title 3 of the ADA applies to transportation provided past private entities. Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Human action applies to federal entities and recipients of federal funding that provide transportation.

Title II and Section 504 Complaints – These may exist filed with the Federal Transit Administration'southward Office of Ceremonious Rights. For more data, contact:

Manager, FTA Office of Ceremonious Rights

East Building – 5th Floor, TCR

1200 New Bailiwick of jersey Ave., South.East.

Washington, DC 20590
FTA ADA Aid Line: 888-446-4511 (Vocalization)
800-877-8339 (Federal Data Relay Service)
http://www.fta.dot.gov/civil_rights.html
http://world wide web.fta.dot.gov/12874_3889.html (Complaint Grade)

Title III Complaints – These may exist filed with the Department of Justice.

U.S. Section of Justice

950 Pennsylvania Avenue, Northward.W.

Civil Rights Segmentation

Disability Rights Section – NYA

Washington, DC 20530

http://world wide web.ada.gov
800-514-0301 (five)

800-514-0383 (TTY)

Annotation: A person does not have to file a complaint with the respective federal agency before filing a lawsuit in federal court.

f) Air Transportation

The Air Carrier Admission Human action (ACAA) covers airlines. Its regulations analyze what animals are considered service animals and explain how each type of creature should be treated.

ACAA complaints may exist submitted to the Department of Transportation's Aviation Consumer Protection Segmentation. Air travelers who experience disability-related air travel service problems may telephone call the hotline at 800-778-4838 (voice) or 800- 455-9880 (TTY) to obtain assist. Air travelers who would like the Department of Transportation (DOT) to investigate a complaint about a disability issue must submit their complaint in writing or via east-mail service to:

Aviation Consumer Protection Division
Attn: C-75-D
U.S. Department of Transportation
1200 New Jersey Ave, S.Due east.
Washington, DC 20590

For boosted information and questions about your rights under whatsoever of these laws, contact your regional ADA center at 800-949-4232 (voice/TTY).

Acknowledgements

The contents of this booklet were developed by the Southwest ADA Center under a grant (#H133A110027) from the Department of Didactics's National Institute on Inability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR). However, those contents practise not necessarily represent the policy of the Department of Didactics and you should not assume endorsement by the Federal Regime.

Southwest ADA Center at ILRU
TIRR Memorial Hermann Research Eye
1333 Moursund St.
Houston, Texas 77030
713.520.0232 (voice/TTY)
800.949.4232 (voice/TTY)
http://www.southwestada.org

The Southwest ADA Center is a program of ILRU (Independent Living Enquiry Utilization) at TIRR Memorial Hermann.  The Southwest ADA Center is part of a national network of ten regional ADA Centers that provide upwards-to-date information, referrals, resources, and training on the Americans with Disabilities Human action (ADA). The centers serve a variety of audiences, including businesses, employers, government entities, and individuals with disabilities. Call 1-800-949-4232 five/tty to attain the center that serves your region or visit http://www.adata.org.

This book is printed courtesy of the ADA National Network. The Southwest ADA Center would similar to give thanks Jacquie Brennan (author), Ramin Taheri, Richard Picayune, Kathy Gips, Emerge Weiss, Wendy Strobel Gower, Erin Marie Sember-Chase, Marian Vessels, and the ADA Knowledge Translation Center at the Academy of Washington for their contributions to this booklet.

© Southwest ADA Eye 2014. All rights reserved

Principal Investigator: Lex Frieden
Projection Director: Vinh Nguyen
Publication staff: Maria DelBosque, Marisa Demaya, and George Powers

---

[1] http://world wide web.seeingeye.org

[2] 28 C.F.R. 36.302(c)(4); 28 C.F.,R. § 35.136(d).

[iii] 28 C.F.R. 36.302(c)(2); 28 C.F.,R. §35.136(b)(2).

[4] 28 C.F.R. 36.302(c)(six).

[5] See 28 C.F.R. Pt. 35, App. A; Sak v. Aurelia, City of,  C eleven-4111-MWB (N.D. Iowa Dec. 28, 2011)

[6] 28 C.F.R. 36.302(c)(eight).

[7] 29 C.F.R. Pt. 1630 App. The EEOC, in the Interpretive Guidance accompanying the regulations, stated that guide dogs may be an accommodation..."For case, it would be a reasonable adaptation for an employer to permit an private who is blind to use a guide canis familiaris at work, even though the employer would non be required to provide a guide dog for the employee."

[8] 42 U.Southward.C. § 3604(f)(3)(B).

[9] Fair Housing of the Dakotas, Inc. 5. Goldmark Prop. Mgmt., Inc., three:09-cv-58 (D.N.D. Mar. thirty, 2011): "… the FHA encompasses all types of assistance animals regardless of grooming, including those that ameliorate a physical disability and those that ameliorate a mental inability."

[ten] Come across Bronk v. Ineichen, 54 F.3d 425, 428-429 (7th Cir. 1995); HUD five. Purkett, FH-FL 19372 (HUDALJ July 31, 1990) Dark-green five. Housing Authority of Clackamas County, 994 F.Supp. 1253 (D. Ore. 1998).

[xi] Hawn v. Shoreline Towers Phase 1 Condominium Association, Inc., 347 Fed. Appx. 464 (11th Cir. 2009).

[12] See "Pet Ownership for the Elderly and Persons with Disabilities", 73 Federal Register 208 (27 October 2008), pp. 63834-63838; Usa. (2004). Reasonable Accommodations nether the Fair Housing Act: Joint Statement of the Department of Housing and Urban Evolution and Department of Justice. Washington, D.C: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development and U.S. Section of Justice [Electronic Version]. Retrieved 03/06/2014 from http://www.justice.gov/crt/about/hce/jointstatement_ra.php.

[13] Private schools that are non operated past religious entities are considered public accommodations. Please refer to Section V(a).

[14] Sullivan 5. Vallejo Urban center Unified Sch. Dist., 731 F. Supp. 947 (E.D. Cal. 1990).

[xv] "Guidance Concerning Service Animals in Air Transportation", 68 Federal Register 90 (9 May 2003), p. 24875.

[xvi] 14 C.F.R. § 382.117(e).

[17] 14 C.F.R. § 382.117(f).

[xviii] Id.

Source: https://adata.org/guide/service-animals-and-emotional-support-animals

Posted by: raybustried.blogspot.com

Share this post